10 Common Tests and Scans Used to Diagnose Cancer

Early and accurate diagnosis plays a crucial role in successful cancer treatment. With modern medical advances, it’s now possible to detect cancers at much earlier stages — improving patient survival and treatment outcomes.

As an experienced oncologist in Panchkula, Dr. Chitresh Aggarwal and his team at Aggarwal Cancer Care & Diagnostic Centre use advanced cancer diagnosis tests and scans to identify cancer quickly and accurately.

Here are the 10 most common tests and scans used to diagnose cancer.

1. Blood Tests

Blood tests help detect abnormal cells or substances linked to certain types of cancer.

• Tumor markers such as PSA (prostate), CA-125 (ovarian), and CEA (colon) indicate potential cancer activity.

• Complete Blood Count (CBC) can detect blood cancers like leukemia.
  These are often the first cancer screening tests that guide further evaluation.

2. Biopsy

A biopsy for cancer is the most definitive way to confirm a diagnosis. During the procedure, a small tissue sample is examined under a microscope to detect cancer cells.
Different types — needle, endoscopic, or surgical — are chosen based on the suspected site.

3. CT (Computed Tomography) Scan

A CT scan provides detailed cross-sectional images of the body, helping doctors locate tumors and evaluate their spread.
At Aggarwal Cancer Care, Panchkula, CT scans are routinely used to assess internal organs before planning treatment.

4. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

MRI scans use powerful magnets and radio waves to capture high-resolution images of soft tissues. They’re especially useful for brain, spinal cord, breast, and prostate cancers.

5. PET (Positron Emission Tomography) Scan

A PET scan in Panchkula helps detect active cancer cells. It shows areas of increased metabolism — indicating where cancer might be growing or spreading.
PET-CT scans are vital in staging cancer and monitoring how well treatment is working.

6. Ultrasound

Ultrasound is a safe, non-invasive test that helps identify lumps or masses in organs such as the liver, thyroid, breast, or pelvis. It’s often used to guide biopsy procedures.

7. X-Ray

Simple yet effective, X-rays can detect abnormalities like lung nodules or bone metastases. They’re often one of the first cancer diagnosis tests performed when symptoms appear.

8. Mammogram

A mammogram is a specialized X-ray that screens for breast cancer. Regular mammograms are essential for women over 40 or those with a family history, helping detect cancer early when it’s most treatable.

9. Endoscopy & Colonoscopy

These tests use a flexible tube with a camera to view internal organs.

• Endoscopy helps diagnose cancers of the throat, stomach, and esophagus.

• Colonoscopy is one of the most important cancer screening tests for colon cancer.

10. Genetic and Molecular Testing

These modern tests analyze DNA, RNA, or proteins in tumor cells to identify genetic mutations. They guide personalized cancer treatments, including targeted therapy and immunotherapy.

🩺 Why Early Diagnosis Matters

Early detection can save lives. If you’re experiencing unexplained weight loss, fatigue, bleeding, or persistent pain, it’s important to consult an oncologist in Panchkula for a detailed evaluation.

At Aggarwal Cancer Care & Diagnostic Centre, our expert team led by Dr. Chitresh Aggarwal offers comprehensive cancer screening tests and state-of-the-art imaging to ensure early, accurate diagnosis and timely treatment.

👨‍⚕️ About Dr. Chitresh Aggarwal

Dr. Chitresh Aggarwal is a leading medical oncologist in Panchkula, with extensive experience in diagnosing and treating all major cancers.

• Associate Director – Paras Hospital, Panchkula

• Director – Aggarwal Cancer Care & Diagnostic Centre

He is committed to providing advanced, compassionate cancer care — from early diagnosis to personalized treatment.

📍 Visit Aggarwal Cancer Care, Panchkula

For expert consultation or cancer diagnosis tests and scans in Panchkula, visit:
Aggarwal Cancer Care & Diagnostic Centre
📞 Book your appointment today for early and accurate cancer detection.